Fungal Nail Infection: Treatment & Prevention
Overview
Fungal nail infections are a common problem that affects millions of people each year. They can be caused by a variety of fungi, and they can range in severity from mild to severe. While most fungal nail infections are not serious, they can be unsightly and uncomfortable. If left untreated, they can also lead to more serious problems, such as cellulitis or osteomyelitis.
Symptoms
The most common symptom of a fungal nail infection is a discolored toenail. The nail may be yellow, brown, or black, and it may be thick, crumbly, or brittle. Other symptoms include:
- Pain or tenderness in the nail
- Swelling around the nail
- Pus or drainage from the nail
- Loss of the nail
Causes
Fungal nail infections are caused by fungi that live on the skin and in the environment. These fungi can enter the nail through a small cut or opening in the skin. Once inside the nail, the fungi can grow and spread, causing the nail to become discolored and deformed.
Risk Factors
There are a number of factors that can increase your risk of developing a fungal nail infection, including:
- Having a weakened immune system
- Being over the age of 60
- Having diabetes
- Wearing tight-fitting shoes
- Walking barefoot in public places
- Having a history of nail injuries
Treatment
There are a number of different treatments available for fungal nail infections. The best treatment for you will depend on the severity of the infection and your overall health. Some common treatments include:
- Topical antifungal medications
- Oral antifungal medications
- Laser therapy
- Nail surgery
Prevention
There are a number of things you can do to prevent fungal nail infections, including:
- Keeping your feet clean and dry
- Wearing shoes that fit well and are made of breathable materials
- Walking barefoot in public places
- Using antifungal spray or powder in your shoes
- Getting regular pedicures
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